Menotropins

Menotropins is a anti-aging research peptide. Menotropins, also known as Menopur, is a gonadotropin and a luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor agonist and follicle stimulating hormone receptor agonist.

Menotropins is an FDA-approved gonadotropin that functions as an agonist for both the luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor and the follicle stimulating hormone receptor. It is indicated for the development of multiple follicles and pregnancy in ovulatory women as part of an Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) cycle. First approved in 1975, it is also studied for conditions such as infertility, polycystic ovary syndrome, and hypogonadism. Research on menotropins includes reviews on its role in superovulation for ovulatory infertility and its association with early miscarriage and fetal malformations after ovulation induction.

1 Mechanism of action

Luteinizing hormone/Choriogonadotropin receptor agonist (agonist); Follicle stimulating hormone receptor agonist (agonist)

Primary targets: Luteinizing hormone/Choriogonadotropin receptor · Follicle stimulating hormone receptor

2 Reported effects

Effects below are those reported in the published literature cited on this page. They are not claims of clinical benefit and not medical advice.

2.1 Indicated / studied for

• Development of multiple follicles and pregnancy in ovulatory women as part of an Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) cycle
• Infertility
• Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
• Hypogonadism
• Azoospermia
• Kallmann Syndrome
• Pregnancy
• Infertility, Female
• Gonadal Disorders

2.2 Side effects

• Abnormal Ovarian Enlargement
• Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome
• Atelectasis
• Acute respiratory distress syndrome
• Thromboembolic events
• Ovarian Torsion
• Multi-fetal Gestation and Birth
• Congenital Malformations
• Ectopic Pregnancy
• Spontaneous Abortion
• Ovarian Neoplasms
• Abdominal cramps
• Abdomen enlarged
• Abdominal pain
• Headache
• Injection site pain and reaction
• Injection site inflammation

3 Chemical and physical properties

4 Research dosages

Initial starting dose of the first cycle - 225 International Units per day, administered subcutaneously

5 Research studies (8)

1. Gonadotropins
   (2012) · Review
2. The role of superovulation with menotropins in ovulatory infertility: a review
   Fertility and sterility (1991) · Review
3. Early miscarriage and fetal malformations after induction of ovulation (by clomiphene citrate and/or human menotropins), in vitro fertilization, and gamete intrafallopian transfer
   Fertility and sterility (1991) · Review
4. Menotropins and sonography
   Fertility and sterility (1986)
5. Superovulation of high-producing Holstein lactating dairy cows with human recombinant FSH and hMG
   Theriogenology (2022)
6. Ovulation induction protocols
   Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine (1992) · Review
7. Ovulation stimulation and induction
   Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America (1992) · Review
8. Infertility update: use of assisted reproductive technology
   Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (Washington, D.C. : 1996) (1999) · Review

6 Safety and risk profile

6.1 Regulatory status

Menotropins is currently classified as FDA approved. Approval applies to specific clinical indications and dosing; research-grade material is not the approved product.

6.2 Contraindications

Conditions and populations in which use is contraindicated:

• Prior hypersensitivity to MENOPUR or menotropins products or one of their excipients
• High levels of FSH indicating primary ovarian failure
• Pregnancy
• Presence of uncontrolled non-gonadal endocrinopathies (e.g., thyroid, adrenal, or pituitary disorders)
• Sex hormone dependent tumors of the reproductive tract and accessory organs
• Tumors of pituitary gland or hypothalamus
• Abnormal uterine bleeding of undetermined origin
• Ovarian cyst or enlargement of undetermined origin, not due to polycystic ovary syndrome

6.3 Long-term risks

• Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS)
• Pulmonary and Vascular Complications
• Ovarian Torsion
• Multi-fetal Gestation and Birth
• Ovarian Neoplasms

6.4 Research best practices

• Lyophilized powder may be stored refrigerated or at room temperature (3° to 25° C/37° to 77°F) until dispensed
• Protect from light
• Use immediately after reconstitution
• Discard unused material

7 Frequently asked questions

What is Menotropins used for?

Menotropins is indicated for the development of multiple follicles and pregnancy in ovulatory women as part of an Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) cycle. It is also studied for conditions such as infertility, polycystic ovary syndrome, hypogonadism, azoospermia, and Kallmann Syndrome.

How does Menotropins work?

Menotropins acts as a luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor agonist and a follicle stimulating hormone receptor agonist. This mechanism helps stimulate ovarian function, leading to the development of multiple follicles in women undergoing fertility treatments.

Is Menotropins FDA approved?

Yes, Menotropins is an FDA-approved gonadotropin. It received its first approval in 1975 and is marketed under names such as Menopur.

What are the side effects of Menotropins?

Common side effects of Menotropins include abdominal cramps, abdominal pain, headache, and injection site pain. More serious adverse reactions can include abnormal ovarian enlargement, ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), thromboembolic events, and multi-fetal gestation.

What are the contraindications for Menotropins?

Menotropins is contraindicated in women with prior hypersensitivity to the product, high FSH levels indicating primary ovarian failure, pregnancy, uncontrolled non-gonadal endocrinopathies, sex hormone dependent tumors, tumors of the pituitary gland or hypothalamus, abnormal uterine bleeding of undetermined origin, or ovarian cysts or enlargement not due to polycystic ovary syndrome.

What warnings are associated with Menotropins?

Menotropins should only be used by physicians experienced in infertility treatment. It can cause Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS) with or without pulmonary or vascular complications, and multiple births. Careful monitoring of ovarian response and serum estradiol levels is crucial to minimize risks.

8 References

1. Menotropins — molecule record ChEMBL. View source
2. Menotropins — FDA approved prescribing information U.S. Food and Drug Administration. View source
3. Menotropins — published literature (106 records) PubMed. View source

9 See also

• Peptide encyclopedia index
• Peptide reconstitution calculator
• Glossary of peptide research terms